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【反意疑问句特殊形式总结】
英语中,反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问,起证实作用,一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。现将特殊形式的反意疑问句归纳如下:
一、There be 句型陈述句比较特殊, 其附加疑问句的结构为there be的倒装,而不带句子主语。例如:
There is something wrong with the computer, isn't there? 这台电脑有点毛病,是不是?
There aren't any fish in the river, are there? 这条河里没有鱼, 是吗?
二、当陈述部分的主语是everyone, everybody, someone, nobody, no one, none, anyone, somebody等合成不定代词时, 在非正式文体中,附加疑问句中的主语通常用he或they。例如:
Someone opened the door, didn't he/they? 有人开了门,是不是?
Nobody went to the cinema, did they? 没人去看电影,是吗?
三、当陈述部分的主语是everything, nothing, something, anything等合成词,附加疑问句中的主语用it。例如:
Nothing serious happened, did it? 什么事情也没有发生,对吗?
Everything is ready, isn't it? 一切准备就绪了,不是吗?
四、当陈述部分的谓语动词是am的肯定形式时,附加疑问句的谓语动词用aren't,而不用am not;当陈述部分的谓语动词为am not时,附加疑问句的谓语仍用am。例如:
I am five years younger than you, aren't I? 我比你小五岁,不是吗?
I am not late, am I? 我没有迟到,对吗?
五、当陈述部分带有few, little, hardly, scarcely, rarely, seldom, never, nowhere, nothing, no one, nobody等表示否定或半否定意义的词时,附加疑问句的动词用肯定形式。例如:
The old man can hardly read, can he? 这位老人不识字,对吗?
Little food has been left, has it? 吃的东西几乎没剩下,是吗?
He has few good friends, has he? 他几乎没有要好的朋友,是不是?
六、当陈述句部分带有否定前缀的词时,此陈述句当作肯定句, 其后的附加部分用否定形式。例如:
The students were impolite, weren't they? 那些学生没有礼貌,不是吗?
It's illegal to drive a car without a license, isn't it? 没有驾照开车是违章的,不是吗?
〔注〕含有否定含义的词在陈述部分作动词的宾语时,其反意疑问句用肯定结构,也可以用否定结构。例如:
You got nothing from him, did you? 你从他那儿什么也没得到,是吗?
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