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转义名词主要分为两类：①把抽象意义转化为具体意义，因而赋予其可数功能;②把具体意义的名词抽象化，从而赋予其不可数性。
转义名词一直是高考测试的热点。其考查主要出现在单项和短文改错题中。其常考热点如下：
(1)抽象转具体： pleasure, surprise, help, success, failure, danger, difficulty, wonder等意为“...的人 / 物”。如： The meeting is a success.
(2)抽象转具体： worry, honor, disaster, rain, snow, fog, wind, gas, fire, crop, coffee, tea, food等，指“一种”、“一场”及“多种”、“多场”时，有其单、复数形式。如：There have been strong winds over the last two months.
(3)抽象转具体： a need, a discovery, a love, a good time, a collection of, a knowledge of, a history of, a population of, an area of, an understanding of等已形成固定形式。如： He has a good practical knowledge of computer science
(4)具体转抽象： school, college, hospital, court, prison, bed, table, church等，都是可数名词，可以有具体的意义，如a school, three schools。再例如：
When you come here for your holiday next time, don't go to _____ hotel; I can find you _____ bed in my flat.
A. the; a B. the; 不填 C. a; the D. a; 不填
但是，在不用冠词、不用复数，而只突出与之有关的活动时，它们便失去了具体意义。如： go to school, at table等。 再例如：
When he left ______ college, he got a job as ______ reporter in a newspaper office.
A. 不填; a B. 不填; the C. a; the D. the; the
(5)具体转抽象： day, night, morning, noon, evening, night等用指天色时，表达抽象概念(注意其前不用冠词)。如： Day may break now, for the birds are singing outside.
五、名词与形容词定语的区别
[例] There have been sports in America about people trying to steal person information for bad purposes.
[析] 形容词和名词都可作定语，但有时含义有别，有时则出现错误。如可说a golden medal(一块镀金奖牌/一块金色的奖牌)，也可以说a gold medal (一块金牌); 但可说a chemistry teacher(化学老师)，而不可说a chemical teacher(化学原料做的老师?)，但可说a chemical works(一家化工厂)。据此可见，此题中的“个人信息”不应用person information表达。
另应注意，除man, woman常用“单单 (a woman doctor)”、“复复 (two women doctors)”式，及一些特殊词，如a goods ship, the sports shoes, a clothes shop等以外，用作修饰词的名词，一般都要用单数式。如： a lady doctor, two lady doctors等。
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