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六、与动词或介词构成的固定搭配
[例] It is said that dogs will keep you _____ for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely.
A. safety B. company C. house D. friend
[析] 无论是动宾结构还是介宾结构，有时名词虽然近义，但却不能主观臆断，而要选择固定的搭配式。本题的keep sb. company就是一个典型的固定搭配式，意为“与……为伴”。
七、名词搭配的语境限定
[例] You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of ________. (2006广东高考)
A. date B. shape C. order D. balance
[析] out of date 意为“过期，不时髦”;out of shape意思是“不成形的”;out of order就是in disorder，意为“乱七八糟的”。搭配并无问题，而意义决定了B是正确答案。
八、名词的同、近义词辨析
[例] I’m sure David will be able to find the library—he has a pretty good ______ of direction.
A. idea B. feeling C. experience D. sense
[析] 名词的同、近义词辨析，不仅仅较多地应用于书面表达，而且还可以较为灵活地设题于单项填空、完形填空或短文改错题中。本题的四个近义词选项中，sense的“意识”性更强，因而答案选D。
常易设题的同、近义名词有如下各组：
(1)cause, reason, excuse, explanation; (2)family, home, house, room, space;
(3)sign, signal, mark, example, symbol; (4)award, reward, prize, money;
(5)value, price, cost, charge; (6)kind, sort, type, variety;
(7)range, reach, distance, length; (8)news, word, message, information, notice;
(9)energy, force, strength, power; (10)accident, incident, affair, event, business, matter;
(11)practice, training, exercise, drill;
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