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【句子的分类(一)】

简单句及简单句的五种基本句型

1、SVC结构(主语+系动词+表语)

在这种句型中,动词必须是系动词,在动词之后跟有表语。表语可以是名词(词组),形容词(词组),副词(词组)等。如:

The teacher is kind. She looks fine.

My son became a doctor at last.

系动词除be外,常见的还有keep, look, feel, smell, sound, taste, grow, get, go, turn

2、SV结构(主语+不及物动词)

(1) 在这个结构中,动词是不及物动词,动词后边没有宾语,如:

My head aches. He is singing.

(2) 有些动词后边必须带有状语,否则意思就不明确。如:

The professor lives in Beijing.

We stayed in China for a few days.

常见的不及物动词有:sleep, walk, swim, happen, take place, go, come, work, laugh, stay.

3、SVO结构(主语+及物动词+宾语)

在这个结构中,谓语动词必须是及物动词,在动词后边跟有宾语。

He can drive a car.

They speak English.

有些不及物动词后面加上介词或副词可以把它看成一个及物动词,这时后边可接宾语。

Please listen to me carefully.

4、SVOO结构(主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语)

(1) 双宾语结构 在这个结构中,动词是带有双宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)的及物动词。直接宾语多指物,间接宾语多指人。常用的带有双宾语的动词有:give, send, tell, bring, lend, buy, teach, get, call, do, ask, wish, offer等。

He gave the inspector his passport.

My father taught us English.

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