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finish ---- be over

buy ---- have

borrow ---- keep

die ---- be dead

join ---- be in/be a member of

begin ---- be on

如:He has gone

He has been away for an hour.

I have bought a watch.

I have had the watch for several days.

④ have/ has been to 和 have/ has gone to

have/ has been to: 曾去过

have/ has gone to: 已去,去了(不在说话现场,在途中或已经到达)

My mother has been to America. 我妈妈曾经去过美国。

My mother has gone to America. 我妈妈已经去了美国。

(3)现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较

①一般过去时只单纯表示过去,和现在不发生联系,它可以和确定的表示过去的时间状语连用。而现在完成时表示某一完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调的是现在的情况,所以不能和确定的过去的时间状语连用。如:

We have visited the farm(现在对农场有所了解)

We visited the farm last week(说明上周参观农场这件事)

②如果询问某事发生的时间、地点只能用一般过去时。如:

When did you lose your cat?

I lost it last night.

I found it in the garden.

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