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4) 介词+定语从句引导词which / whom：
当定语从句引导词作介词的宾语时，可以将介词提到引导词前，以强调介词和引导词的介宾关系;介词+which / whom在从句中作状语或定语;有些情况下，介词+which相当于where / when / why。如：
The man with whom you talked is an expert in earthquakes.(with whom在从句中作状语修饰谓语动词talked)
That’s the gate at which the young woman was picked up by some strangers.(at which=where, 在从句中作状语修饰谓语动词was picked up)
The day on which Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest.(on which=when，在从句中作状语修饰谓语动词helped)
I can’t tell you the reason for which she insists on doing that.(for which=why，在从句中作状语修饰谓语动词insists)
The shelters took in thousands of flood survivors, many of whom / of whom many suffered from malaria.(of whom在从句中作定语修饰many)
The house of which the windows / the windows of which are open was broken into by burglars. (of which在从句中修饰定语the windows) = The house whose windows are open was broken…
5) 定语从句的分类：
(1) 限定定语从句：
起着界定先行词的身份，而不至与同类人或事物混淆的定语从句，一般不用逗号和主句隔开。如：
One of my brothers who is in the army now used to be an art student. 我一个现在当兵的兄弟学过艺术。(定语从句界定one of my brothers的身份：有多个兄弟，这里指的是当兵的兄弟)
The travellers who had already been informed about the flood stopped their journey. 那些已经获悉洪灾的路人暂停了行程。(只有获悉洪灾的路人才终止了行程，没有获悉洪灾的路人并没有暂停其行程。)
(2) 非限定定语从句：
不起界定先行词的身份作用，因为先行词身份已经为读者或听话人所确定而不会混淆(要么由于同类只有其一个，或者上下文已经让读者或听话人明确其身份)，而是起着给先行词增加信息的作用。一般要用逗号和主句隔开。不能用that引导非限定定语从句。
My brother, who is in the army now, used to be an artist. 我兄弟学过艺术，他现在当兵。(只有一个兄弟)
The travellers, who had already been informed about the flood, stopped their journey. 由于路人们已经获悉了洪灾，他们都暂停了行程。(所有的路人们都终止了其行程，用从句顺便说明一下其原因)
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