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6) that和which / who的适用范围：
两者都可以引导修饰事物的定语从句，但如下情况多用that：
(1) 先行词是表物不定代词all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等。如：All that we have to do is to practise every day.
(2) 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰。如：The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.This is the best film I've ever seen.
(3) 先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰。如：I have read all the books(that)you gave me.
(4) 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰。如：He is the only person that/(who) I want to talk to.
(5) 先行词包括人和物。如：They talked of things and persons that they remembered.
(6) 当句中已有who时，为避免重复。如：Who is the man that is talking to John?
(7) 用作关系代词，修饰表示时间的名词如day, time, moment等，代替when。如：It happened on the day that/when I was born.
7) as, which 引导非限定性定语从句
由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句(即先行词是整个主句)，相当于and this(as还带有“正如”含义)。As从句可置于主句前后中，which在主句后。如：
As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.= Smoking, as we know, is harmful to one’s health. = Smoking is harmful to one’s health, as we know.
The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.
8) as在固定搭配中引导定语从句
在the same…as…和such…as…中as也可以引导定语从句，不能换成别的引导词。如：
I have got into the same trouble as he was in. 我现在的麻烦和他以前的一样。(as在从句中作in的宾语)
He is sucn an asshole as would beat you for nothing. 他混球得狠，没事给你一顿揍。(as在从句中作从句的主语)
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