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[误] Tom is too young not to join the army.
[正] Tom is too young to join the army.
[析] 这是too…to的正常用法,太如何如何以至于不能如何。
[误] I went to the hospital for seeing my old friend. He was ill in hospital.
[正] I went to the hospital to see my old friend. He was ill in hospital.
[析] 在句中表示某动作的目的时,要用不定式而不能用for加动名词。
[误] Could you help me to find a chair to sit.
[正] Could you help me to find a chair to sit on.
[析] 当不定式作后置定语时,将不定式放于名词之后。如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则其后面的介词不要省略。如:I sat on the chair. 这样的用法还有:I want to find a room to live in. I want to find a pen to write with.
[误] When mother was about leaving the baby cried suddenly.
[正] When mother was about to leave the baby cried suddenly.
[析] be about to 是表达较近的即将发生的动作,可用来表示将来时,或按计划、安排的事。
[误] This work is difficult to be done.
[正] This work is difficult to do.
[析] 在不定式作宾语时,下列情况常用主动语态表示被动。① 句子的主语即是不定式动作的执行者,如:I have a lot of letters to write. ② 句中的宾语是不定式中动作的执行者,如:Could you find me a job to do? ③ 在形容词之后的不定式,如:English is difficult to learn.
[误] Would you like to see a film with us? Yes, I'd love.
[正] Would you like to see a film with us?Yes, I'd love to.
[析] 在口语简答语中要将不定式符号保留,如: I had to (不得不作) I'm going to (打算作) I used to (过去习惯作) I'd love to (喜欢作) I hope to (希望作某事) I'll be glad to (高兴作)
[误] Did you see someone to do this work for me?
[正] Did you see someone do this work for me?
[析] 在感观动词之后常接不带to的不定式。这些词是see, look at, watch, hear, listen to, feel, notice。
[误] He was seen prepare this car.
[正] He was seen to prepare this car.
[析] 在被动语态中要将主动语态句中省去的不定式还原回来。
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