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(2)just/just now
Just “刚才”，意为only a very short time ago与现在完成时态连用。
例如：I have just had my lunch.我刚吃过午饭。
注意：在非正式美国英语中，just也常常与一般过去时连用。
She just arrived.她刚到。
Just now意为a moment ago,通常和一般过去式连用。
I saw her just now.我刚才看到她了。
(3)终止性动词和延续性动词的用法。
终止性动词和延续性动词的相应转换形式如下：
Borrow-keep buy-have come(go)-be begin-be on
finish-be over open-be open join-be in die-be away
go to school-be a student/ be in school get up-be up
fall asleep-be asleep
例如：The old man has been dead for three years.
His brother has been in the army since two years ago.
I have kept the book for a week.
【动词的语态】
1、被动语态的形式。
被动语态由“助动词+实义动词的过去分词”构成，助动词be随着人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。
含有情态动词的被动语态形式：can(may/must)+be+过去分词
(1)主语+被动动词
被：Rice is grown in the south.
主：People grow rice in the south.
(2)主语+被动动词+宾语(或介词宾语)
被：I was given a book.
主：He gave me a book.
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